The filament bulb bows
Aerospace Agriculture lighting by erik Automotive Wood - Furniture Chemistry lighting by erik Shipbuilding (civil or military) Cosmetics Defence Electronics Computer Entertainment Environment Equipment Electric Railway Materials Materials - Agricultural Mechanical Metallurgy - Steel Pharmacy - Biotechnology Plastics Industry Services Space Telecom Textile lighting by erik - Clothing Transport - Logistics of Daily plants
Alsace Aquitaine Auvergne Brittany Burgundy Centre Champagne-Ardenne Corsica Franche-Comté Ile-de-France Languedoc-Roussillon Limousin Lorraine Midi-Pyrenees Nord-Pas-de-Calais Basse-Normandie Haute-Normandie Pays de la Loire Picardie Poitou-Charentes Provence-Alpes -Côte d'Azur Rhône-Alpes DOM - TOM Economy lighting by erik Ratings
Ranking engineering schools of France's biggest factories Recruiting Companies The first 100 French subcontractors The most successful aircraft equipment OEMs the most efficient auto Made in France FACTORY MOROCCO
The energy is also the case in the industry. To understand the challenges of energy transition, follow the development of renewable energies, decrypt environmental lighting by erik policies and measure the impact of these changes on the competitiveness of plants, L'Usine Nouvelle call industrial. Solar, wind, shale gas, nuclear, hydrogen, oil, coal, biomass, offshore energy, building insulation ... all energies and subjects will be treated by our journalists and our network of experts.
December 31, 2012 will mark the end of the marketing of the last examples of incandescent lamps in Europe. Too much energy, they have gradually been replaced in recent years by greener bulbs: compact fluorescent, halogen or LED.
After more than a century of loyal service, the filament bulb shine no more in Europe. 31 December 2012 marks indeed the end of the last specimens of marketing in the continent.
If the first demonstration of a light bulb goes back to 1838 and was the work of the Scottish Browman James Lindsay, the paternity of the bulb filament or conventional incandescent lighting by erik lamp, usually returns to British Joseph Swan (1828-1914 ), which filed a patent April 17, 1882.
But three years earlier, the American lighting by erik Thomas Edison succeeded in producing a sustainable lighting lighting by erik by passing current through a carbon filament in a vacuum bulb. A patent will be issued Jan. 27, 1880. Finally, lighting by erik Swan and Edison find common ground by creating in 1883 the "Edison & Swan United Electric Light Company."
But if, at the time, the filament bulb revolutionized the lighting, it remains terribly high energy despite the replacement of a carbon filament tungsten from 1909. Indeed, this type of bulb converts only 5 % of the light energy, heat remains in the loser. It is for this reason lighting by erik that the European Union has set in 2008 a timetable for gradually ban the sale of these bulbs.
For France, this has resulted in the withdrawal, in a first step, 100-watt bulbs in 2009, followed by that of 60 watts in 2010 and 40 watts in 2011. Prohibition applies today bulbs 25 watts, which should have disappeared from the shelves December 31, 2012.
Incandescent lighting by erik bulbs have therefore been gradually replaced by energy-saving lamps, which consume between 4 and 5 times less energy and have a longer life 6-10 times longer, as explained in the agreement signed in 2008 between government, lighting by erik manufacturers and distributors.
According to a recent study by Gfk, incandescent lamps in 2012 accounted lighting by erik for 10% of turnover lighting by erik bulbs public in France lighting by erik (estimated at 422 million euros) against 45% in 2007 (market estimated at 288 million euros). Also according lighting by erik to Gfk, halogens in 2012 represent lighting by erik nearly half of the market (46%) and compact fluorescent lamps, disabled by a longer lighting by erik ignition time, just over a third (36%). LED bulbs are about 8% of their market.
But if the halogens are the strongest lighting by erik in terms of sales growth, their energy balance is not great. Gfk recalls and they soon suffer the same fate as filament bulbs, with a gradual withdrawal of rays from 2016. LED should then get out of the game according to a study by McKinsey, she passed a market share of 12% worldwide in 2012 to 63% in 2
Aerospace Agriculture lighting by erik Automotive Wood - Furniture Chemistry lighting by erik Shipbuilding (civil or military) Cosmetics Defence Electronics Computer Entertainment Environment Equipment Electric Railway Materials Materials - Agricultural Mechanical Metallurgy - Steel Pharmacy - Biotechnology Plastics Industry Services Space Telecom Textile lighting by erik - Clothing Transport - Logistics of Daily plants
Alsace Aquitaine Auvergne Brittany Burgundy Centre Champagne-Ardenne Corsica Franche-Comté Ile-de-France Languedoc-Roussillon Limousin Lorraine Midi-Pyrenees Nord-Pas-de-Calais Basse-Normandie Haute-Normandie Pays de la Loire Picardie Poitou-Charentes Provence-Alpes -Côte d'Azur Rhône-Alpes DOM - TOM Economy lighting by erik Ratings
Ranking engineering schools of France's biggest factories Recruiting Companies The first 100 French subcontractors The most successful aircraft equipment OEMs the most efficient auto Made in France FACTORY MOROCCO
The energy is also the case in the industry. To understand the challenges of energy transition, follow the development of renewable energies, decrypt environmental lighting by erik policies and measure the impact of these changes on the competitiveness of plants, L'Usine Nouvelle call industrial. Solar, wind, shale gas, nuclear, hydrogen, oil, coal, biomass, offshore energy, building insulation ... all energies and subjects will be treated by our journalists and our network of experts.
December 31, 2012 will mark the end of the marketing of the last examples of incandescent lamps in Europe. Too much energy, they have gradually been replaced in recent years by greener bulbs: compact fluorescent, halogen or LED.
After more than a century of loyal service, the filament bulb shine no more in Europe. 31 December 2012 marks indeed the end of the last specimens of marketing in the continent.
If the first demonstration of a light bulb goes back to 1838 and was the work of the Scottish Browman James Lindsay, the paternity of the bulb filament or conventional incandescent lighting by erik lamp, usually returns to British Joseph Swan (1828-1914 ), which filed a patent April 17, 1882.
But three years earlier, the American lighting by erik Thomas Edison succeeded in producing a sustainable lighting lighting by erik by passing current through a carbon filament in a vacuum bulb. A patent will be issued Jan. 27, 1880. Finally, lighting by erik Swan and Edison find common ground by creating in 1883 the "Edison & Swan United Electric Light Company."
But if, at the time, the filament bulb revolutionized the lighting, it remains terribly high energy despite the replacement of a carbon filament tungsten from 1909. Indeed, this type of bulb converts only 5 % of the light energy, heat remains in the loser. It is for this reason lighting by erik that the European Union has set in 2008 a timetable for gradually ban the sale of these bulbs.
For France, this has resulted in the withdrawal, in a first step, 100-watt bulbs in 2009, followed by that of 60 watts in 2010 and 40 watts in 2011. Prohibition applies today bulbs 25 watts, which should have disappeared from the shelves December 31, 2012.
Incandescent lighting by erik bulbs have therefore been gradually replaced by energy-saving lamps, which consume between 4 and 5 times less energy and have a longer life 6-10 times longer, as explained in the agreement signed in 2008 between government, lighting by erik manufacturers and distributors.
According to a recent study by Gfk, incandescent lamps in 2012 accounted lighting by erik for 10% of turnover lighting by erik bulbs public in France lighting by erik (estimated at 422 million euros) against 45% in 2007 (market estimated at 288 million euros). Also according lighting by erik to Gfk, halogens in 2012 represent lighting by erik nearly half of the market (46%) and compact fluorescent lamps, disabled by a longer lighting by erik ignition time, just over a third (36%). LED bulbs are about 8% of their market.
But if the halogens are the strongest lighting by erik in terms of sales growth, their energy balance is not great. Gfk recalls and they soon suffer the same fate as filament bulbs, with a gradual withdrawal of rays from 2016. LED should then get out of the game according to a study by McKinsey, she passed a market share of 12% worldwide in 2012 to 63% in 2
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